Xps Oxegen Peak Of Magnetite
For many of the pure oxide samples there is a second higher BE peak that can be ascribed to contributions from a defective oxide component inherent in these oxide surfaces as suggested previously10. Other work has shown that this is a defective oxide peak and not hydroxide as the presence of hydroxide has been ruled out by other methods3,4. For all of the oxides studied here this peak has an area contribution between 20 and 40% consistent with other powdered oxides including nickel5 and chromium6. These contributions from defective sites are unlikely to compromise the assignment of chemical states. It should be noted that this second peak could result from carbonates species. Inspection of the C 1s spectrum should confirm if this is occurring.Pure oxide samples were not heated to remove possible surface hydroxides before analysis to avoid reduction of the oxide.
In one related experiment in this laboratory with MnO heated to 600°C for 12 h, there was no significant change in the higher BE component ascribed to defective oxide, indicating little or no surface hydroxides are present.
Xps Oxegen Peak Of Magnetite Water
Xps Oxegen Peak Of Magnetite Lake
XPS,theattenuation lengthsareabout1–10monolayersforthe emission angles normal to the surface 1. It has been shown in previous studies that the peak positions of Fe 2p 1/2 and Fe 2p. Common oxygen, O(1s) binding energies: Many (pure) oxide samples exhibit a secondary structure to higher binding energy of the main lattice oxygen peak. Careful consideration of the sample history can aid in the identification of this peak.